Load-Securing Equipment: Correct Use of Straps, Chains and Dunnage

Braking, cornering and speed bumps generate forces that constantly try to move the load in the body. The job of load-securing equipment is to counter these forces — but the equipment only delivers the capacity on its label when used correctly.

The Basics of Equipment Selection

  • Ratchet straps: The standard for general cargo; a strap with an unreadable label, a cut or a knot is out of service
  • Chains and load binders: Preferred for construction equipment and heavy steel loads; hooks must seat fully onto the load's lashing points
  • Corner protectors: Prevent the strap being cut on a sharp edge and let tension wrap evenly around the load
  • Anti-slip mats: Increase friction, reducing the number of lashings required; their effect is limited on wet and oily surfaces
  • Dunnage and bracing bars: Prevent the load from sliding and closing gaps inside the body

The Most Common Field Mistakes

The most common mistake is guessing the number of lashings; the correct number is calculated from the load's weight, the friction condition and the lashing angle. The second mistake is lashings that move away from a steep angle; as a strap flattens out, its downward-pressing effect weakens rapidly. The third is neglecting to check during the journey: as the load settles, straps loosen, and tension must always be rechecked at the first stop.

Load security is not a list of equipment but a matter of calculation and habit. A driver who applies the right equipment at the right point, at the right angle and in sufficient number protects not only the load but themselves and traffic.